Page 136 - 《广西植物》2020年第2期
P. 136
2 期 牟凤娟等: 大叶九里香ꎬ芸香科新等级组合及生物学特征补述 2 7 3
摘 要: 为理清芸香科(Rutaceae)九里香属(Murraya)中大叶九里香[M. kwangsiensis (C. C. Huang) C. C. Huang
var. macrophylla C. C. Huang]与其原变种广西九里香[M. kwangsiensis (C. C. Huang) C. C. Huang var. kwangsien ̄
sis]间的系统关系及其分类学地位ꎬ采用综合文献查阅、标本鉴定、野外实地调查、栽培观察及显微解剖等多种方
法对九里香属植物数个种类进行分类学相关研究ꎮ 结果发现:大叶九里香在叶片、花、果实等形态特征方面与广
西九里香间的差异极大ꎬ故将其处理为一个独立的种ꎬ并提出新等级组合 Murraya macrophylla (C. C. Huang)
F. J. Mouꎻ首次对大叶九里香的形态特征及分布进行详尽描述ꎻ该物种的羽状复叶及小叶均为九里香属中最大
者ꎬ更接近仅分布于越南的光叶九里香[M. glabra (Guillaumin) Swingle]ꎬ但其较大的小叶、叶面叶脉下凹且叶片
皱缩等特征使其明显不同于九里香属其他种类ꎮ 大叶九里香是一个独立种而非广西九里香的变种ꎬ此关于大叶
九里香分类地位的新观点有助于整个九里香属的系统发育关系重建及种间系统关系的深入探索ꎮ
关键词: 广西九里香ꎬ 大叶九里香ꎬ 生物学特征ꎬ 新等级ꎬ 新组合ꎬ 芸香科
Genus Murraya J. Koenig (under the name Mur ̄ taxonomic status and systematic position of this taxon.
raea) was first published based on a single speciesꎬ The morphological descriptions of few morphological
Murraea exotica L.ꎬ while Bergera L. was described characteristicsꎬ only size of leaflet blades and fruit color
based on B. koenigii J. Koenig (Linnaeusꎬ 1771). Later are described after the publication of M. kwangsiensis
taxonomists unanimously treated Murraya and Bergera as var. macrophyllaꎬ and always is a variety of M. kwang ̄
congenericꎬ and Murraya has been conserved against siensis ( Huangꎬ 1978ꎬ 1997ꎻ Zhang et al.ꎬ 2010).
Chalcas L.ꎬ though Chalcas was earlier published (Lin ̄ Totallyꎬ there are ten specimens including type in three
naeusꎬ 1767). Most species of Murraya distribute in herbariaꎬ namely IBKꎬ GXMI and GXMG. Owing to lac ̄
South China and Indo ̄Malaysiaꎬ although some species king informationꎬ little is known about the taxon. For the
can reach Sri Lankaꎬ New Caledonia and Northeast Aus ̄ above reasonsꎬ this taxon needs further studies on field
tralia ( Swingleꎬ 1938ꎻ Swingle & Reeceꎬ 1967 ). researches and other experiments. During conducting the
Tanaka ( 1929 ) recognized eight species and two program “The taxonomic revision and systimatics of Mur ̄
varieties in the genus (under the name Chalcas). The raya s. l.”ꎬ several populations of M. kwangsiensis
species of Murraya were classified into two or three var. macrophylla were only found in Guangxi.
groupsꎬ and eleven species and four varieties were re ̄
cognized (Tanaka 1929ꎻ Swingle 1938ꎻ Swingle & Re ̄ 1 Materials and Methods
eceꎬ 1967ꎻ But et al.ꎬ 1986). Subsequent studies on
Chinese materials led to the addition of one new species All specimens of Murraya kwangsiensis var. macro ̄
Murraya tetramera C. C. Huang (Huangꎬ 1959)ꎬ one phylla and M. kwangsiensis var. kwangsiensis preserved
new combination M. kwangsiensis ( C. C. Huang ) in IBKꎬ GXMIꎬ GXMGꎬ KUNꎬ IBSCꎬ SYSꎬ PE and
C. C. Huang and one new variety M. kwangsiensis NAS were carefully studied for collecting information
var. macrophylla C. C. Huang ( Huangꎬ 1978). Nine and many morphological characteristics. From 2016 to
species or one variety are endemic to China (Huangꎬ 2017ꎬ field researches such as morphological characte ̄
1997ꎻ Zhang et al.ꎬ 2010). Considering the differences risticsꎬ growth stateꎬ population status and ecological
of chemical constituents between two sections of condition were finished in Longzhou Countyꎬ Daxin
Murrayaꎬ M. kwangsiensis var. macrophylla was County and Napo Countyꎬ Guangxi. For successively ob ̄
included into sect. Bergeraꎬ along with M. kwangsiensis serving the biological and phenological characteristics of
var. kwangsiensis ( But et al.ꎬ 1986)ꎬ otherwiseꎬ the this speciesꎬ a few plants from Napo and Daxin counties
former should belong to sect. Murraya as an were transplanted in the greenhouse of Southwest
independent speciesꎬ based on the morphological cha ̄ Forestry University in 2016 and 2017 respectively.
racteristics of the leaf epidermis of nine Chinese species During 2017-2018ꎬ flowering and fruiting were in ̄
of Murraya (Zou et al.ꎬ 1997ꎬ 1999). At presentꎬ ex ̄ tensively investigated in cultivated environmentsꎻ leavesꎬ
tremely limited findings are controversial concerning the flowers and fruits are studied by microanatomy methods.