19种常见中药材醇提物的体外抗菌活性筛选

张铁焕<sup>1; 2</sup>; 吴玉霞<sup>1; 3</sup>; 奠佐红<sup>1; 2</sup>; 左国营<sup>1*</sup>

引用本文:	张铁焕, 吴玉霞, 奠佐红, 左国营.19种常见中药材醇提物的体外抗菌活性筛选[J].广西植物,2020,40(12):1712-1720.[点击复制]
	ZHANG Tiehuan, WU Yuxia, DIAN Zuohong, ZUO Guoying.Screening of antimicrobial activity of 19 Chinese herbal medicines ethanol extracts in vitro[J].Guihaia,2020,40(12):1712-1720.[点击复制]

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19种常见中药材醇提物的体外抗菌活性筛选
张铁焕^1,2, 吴玉霞^1,3, 奠佐红^1,2, 左国营^1*
1. 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九二○医院, 昆明 650032;2. 昆明医科大学, 昆明 650500;3. 云南中医药大学, 昆明 650500

摘要:

为考察19种中药材乙醇提取物的体外抗临床常见致病菌的活性,该文将中药粗粉用80%乙醇浸泡提取, 提取液减压浓缩制备成浸膏,采用琼脂打孔法测定提取物抑菌圈, 通过微量倍比稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC/MFC)。结果表明:所筛选的19种中药材乙醇提取物对不同的菌株具有不同程度的抑制作用, 14种中药材乙醇提取物抗SA、EC、PA和CA的抑菌圈范围在8～27 mm之间, 其中地锦草、四块瓦、三颗针、马尾黄连和土大黄的提取物抗SA、EC的抑菌圈范围在10.3～26.6 mm之间。马尾黄连、孜然、地锦草、广西莪术、穿心莲、益母草、吴茱萸、土大黄、叶上花、土连翘、凤尾草和三颗针的醇提物对MRSA和铜绿假单胞菌耐药菌均具有显著的抗微生物活性, 其MIC/MBC值在391～6 250 μg·mL^-1之间; 地锦草、三颗针抗MRSA的最低MIC值分别为391、781 μg·mL^-1, 抗PA耐药菌的最低MIC值均为1 562.5 μg·mL^-1; 马尾黄连、孜然和三颗针的醇提物对白色念珠菌耐药菌有中等抑制作用, 杀菌效果不明显。该研究结果为后续相关植物作为潜在抗菌化合物及其抗菌药物佐剂的研究提供了参考。

关键词: 中药材, 病原菌, 抗菌活性, 最低抑菌浓度, 最低杀菌浓度

DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201903004

分类号:

文章编号:1000-3142(2020)12-1712-09

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(NSFC 81173504)[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC81173504)]。

Screening of antimicrobial activity of 19 Chinese herbal medicines ethanol extracts in vitro

ZHANG Tiehuan^1,2, WU Yuxia^1,3, DIAN Zuohong^1,2, ZUO Guoying^1*

1. The 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Service Security Forces, Kunming 650032, China;2. Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China;3. Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China 1. The 920th Hospital of PLA Joint Service Security Forces, Kunming 650032, China; 2. Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; 3. Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China

Abstract:

In order to determine the antimicrobial activities of ethanol extracts from 19 Chinese herbal medicines in vitro against common clinical pathogenic bacteria. The dried powder of the collected 19 Chinese herbal medicine samples were extracted with 80% ethanol at room temperature and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to get the ethanol extracts. In this study, each extract was screened for antimicrobial activity using the agar diffusion method, and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration(MBC/MFC)were determined by serial microdilution method. The results were as follows: Ethanol extracts of 19 Chinese herbal medicine had different degrees of antimicrobial activities. Inhibition zones of 14 ethanol extracts against SA, EC, PA and CA were between 8-27 mm, inhibition zones of the extracts from Euphorbia humifusa, Chloranthus japonicas, Berberis sargentiana, Thalictrum petaloideum and Rumex madaio were between 10.3-26.6 mm against SA and EC. The ethanol extracts from Thalictrum petaloideum, Cuminum cyminum, Euphorbia humifusa, Curcuma kwangsiensis, Andrographis paniculata, Leonurus artemisia, Evodia rutaecarpa, Rumex madaio, Helwingia japonica, Hymenodictyon flaccidum, Pteris multifida and Berberis sargentiana had significant antimicrobial activities against pathogens(MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant strain), the ranges of MICs/MBCs were between 391 and 6 250 μg·mL^-1; the lowest MIC values for Euphorbia humifusa and Berberis sargentiana against MRSA were obtained(respectively, 391 μg·mL^-1/781 μg·mL^-1), the lowest MIC value for Euphorbia humifusa and Berberis sargentiana was 1 562.5 μg·mL^-1against Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant strain; the ethanol extracts from Thalictrum petaloideum, Cuminum cyminum, Berberis sargentiana were moderately inhibitory to the test Candida albicans resistant strain, and the sterilization effect was not obvious. These results provide the reference for selecting plant species as potential antibacterial compounds and antibacterial adjuvants of antibacterial and antifungal drugs.

Key words: Chinese herbal medicines, pathogens, antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC), minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration(MBC/MFC)