| 摘要: |
| 金花茶（Camellia nitidissima Chi）含有多种抗氧化物质，具有较高的药用、保健和经济价值。为解决金花茶花朵的品质随种植年限的增加而出现一定程度下滑的问题，本研究对处于花期的金花茶外源喷施不同浓度的水杨酸（Salicylic acid, SA），壳聚糖（Chitosan, CS）以及两者的混合溶液，分析其对金花茶花朵抗氧化成分和酶活性的影响。结果表明：（1）不同浓度的SA、CS及混合配施处理均能够促进金花茶花朵中还原糖和总糖的积累，400 mg·L-1 SA和200 mg·L-1 CS混合喷施时还原糖含量从17.61 mg·g-1提高到 27.84 mg·g-1，而在200 mg·L-1 SA单独处理时总糖含量达到43.60 mg·g-1；（2）大多数处理下的多酚和黄酮含量差异不大，但200 mg·L-1 SA和100 mg·L-1CS混合处理能显著提高金花茶多酚含量；（3）不同处理均能够提高金花茶的多酚提取液对ABTS+自由基、活性氧自由基（ O2-）和 羟自由基 （OH-）的清除率，但显著降低了多酚提取液对1，1-二苯基苦基苯肼 （DPPH+）的清除率；（4）超氧化物歧化酶（SOD酶）和植物苯丙氨酸解氨（PAL酶）在200 mg·L-1的CS单独喷施时活性最佳，分别达到91.66 %和1128.00 %。主成分分析结果表明，相比于对照组处理，所有SA和CS及其配施处理都提高了金花茶花朵的抗氧化物含量，其中效果最好的为400 mg·L-1的SA以及100 mg·L-1的CS单独喷施。该研究说明花期喷施SA及CS能够提高金花茶花朵的抗氧化品质，为金花茶的栽培提供了技术参考。 |
| 关键词: 金花茶，叶面喷施，水杨酸，壳聚糖，抗氧化性, 施肥配比 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S 685 |
| 基金项目:广东省科技创新项目 “森林高效可持续经营模式” (2017KJCX010)。第一作者：肖可菁(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为森林培育,E-mail：1161814694@qq.com。通信作者：陈红跃(1964—),男,教授,主要从事森林培育教学和研究,E-mail：chenyue@scau.edu.cn。 |
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| Effect of foliar spray with salicylic acid and chitosan on antioxidant activity of Camellia nitidissima Chi |
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XIAO Ke-jing1,2, ZHU Hua-nan1,2, LIU Xiao-ling1,2, CHEN Hong-yue1,2
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1.College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,510642;2.China
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| Abstract: |
| Camellia nitidissima Chi contains a variety of antioxidant substances, which has high medicinal, health and economic value. In order to solve the problem that the quality of C. nitidissima flower declines to a certain extent with the increase of planting years, this study exogenously sprayed different concentrations of salicylic acid (Salicylicacid, SA), chitosan (Chitosan, CS) and the combination of the two to analyze their effects on the antioxidant components and enzymatic activities of C. nitidissima flower. The results showed that （1）under the condition of spraying SA and CS on the foliage, different concentration and combined treatments were able to promote the accumulation of reducing sugar and total sugar in the flowers of C. nitidissima. The content of reducing sugar increased from 17.61 mg·g-1 to 27.84 mg·g-1 when 400 mg·L-1 SA and 200 mg·L-1 CS were mixed sprayed and the total sugar content reached 43.60 mg·g-1 when treated with 200 mg·L-1 SA alone;（2）There was no significant difference in the content of polyphenols and flavonoids under most treatments, but 200 mg·L-1 SA and 100 mg·L-1CS treatment could significantly increase the content of polyphenols;（3）All the different processing methods could improve the scavenging rates for ABTS+，O2- and OH- with polyphenol extract of C. nitidissima，but significantly reduced the scavenging rate for DPPH;（4）The best activity of SOD and PAL was 91.66 % and 1128.00 %, respectively, when 200 mg·L-1 CS was treated alone. According to the principal component analysis, all treatments composite scores were higher than control group. All the treatments of SA, CS and their combination increased the content of antioxidant components of C. nitidissima, the best was 400 mg·L-1 of SA and CS 100 mg·L-1 of separate treatment. This study indicated that during the blooming period, SA and CS sprayed at on the foliage of C. nitidissima could improve the antioxidant quality, which provided technical support for the cultivation of C. nitidissima. |
| Key words: Camellia nitidissima Chi, Foliar spray, Salicylic acid, Chitosan, The oxidation resistance, Proportional fertilization |
