| 引用本文: | 赵厚本, 邹 滨, 蔡继醇, 周光益, 王 旭, 李兆佳.常绿阔叶林不同方式采伐32年后土壤种子库特征[J].广西植物,2025,45(6):1186-1196.[点击复制] |
| ZHAO Houben, ZOU Bin, CAI Jichun, ZHOU Guangyi,
WANG Xu, LI Zhaojia.Characteristics of soil seed bank after 32 years of different harvesting methods in evergreen broad-leaved forests[J].Guihaia,2025,45(6):1186-1196.[点击复制] |
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| 常绿阔叶林不同方式采伐32年后土壤种子库特征 |
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赵厚本1,3, 邹 滨2, 蔡继醇1,3, 周光益1,3, 王 旭1,3, 李兆佳1,3*
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1. 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州 510520;2. 广东乐昌大瑶山省级自然保护区管理处,
广东 乐昌512200;3. 南岭北江源森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 广州 510520
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| 摘要: |
| 土壤种子库既是过去植被的基因记忆又是未来植被的发展趋势,对探究受干扰森林恢复过程的机制和未来演替方向具有重要生态学意义。为揭示土壤种子库在森林恢复过程中的作用,该文以广东天井山林场皆伐(CC)和择伐(SC)32年后自然恢复的常绿阔叶林次生林为研究对象,以同地带未采伐(NC)常绿阔叶林为对照,研究不同方式采伐经32年恢复后对土壤种子库的影响。通过土壤种子萌发实验研究了不同方式采伐32年后林下土壤种子库的分布、密度、物种组成和多样性等特征,结合植被调查分析了土壤种子库和地上植被的关系。结果表明:(1)不同采伐方式林下土壤种子库中的种子均以草本为主,灌木次之,乔木最少; 乔木和灌木的种子密度在不同采伐方式中依次为NC>CC>SC,其中NC显著高于CC和SC(P<0.05),CC与SC间无显著性差异; 草本种子密度在不同采伐方式间无显著性差异。(2)土壤种子库中共发现43个植物物种,主要为阳生性植物物种,其中乔木7种,NC=CC>SC; 灌木15种,NC>CC>SC; 草本21种,CC>NC>SC。(3)乔木种子的Shannon多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数在不同采伐方式中依次为NC>CC>SC; 灌木和草本种子的多样性指数和均匀度指数在不同采伐方式间大多无显著性差异。(4)不同采伐方式林下土壤种子库和地上植被的相似性都很低,种子库和地上植被的共有乔木4种,其中NC 3种,SC 1种,共有灌木2种,SC和CC各有1种,共有草本1种,仅在NC中出现。综上认为,常绿阔叶林采伐后经32年自然恢复土壤种子库中的种子密度、种数和多样性指数仍小于未采伐森林; 土壤种子库不能支持受干扰森林的快速自然恢复。该研究结果为亚热带次生林的经营管理和人工促进恢复技术开发提供了科学基础和理论指导。 |
| 关键词: 种子生态, 地上植被, 相似性, 择伐, 皆伐, 多样性 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202404026 |
| 分类号:Q948 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2025)06-1186-11 |
| 基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2021SY002); 广东省林业科技创新项目(2019KJCX026)。 |
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| Characteristics of soil seed bank after 32 years of different harvesting methods in evergreen broad-leaved forests |
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ZHAO Houben1,3, ZOU Bin2, CAI Jichun1,3, ZHOU Guangyi1,3,
WANG Xu1,3, LI Zhaojia1,3*
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1. Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China;2. Administration Bureau of Dayao
Mountain Nature Reserve, Lechang 512200, Guangdong, China;3. Beijiangyuan National Forest Ecosystem
Research Station, Nanling Mts. China, Guangzhou 510520, China
1. Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China; 2. Administration Bureau of Dayao
Mountain Nature Reserve, Lechang 512200, Guangdong, China; 3. Beijiangyuan National Forest Ecosystem
Research Station, Nanling Mts. China, Guangzhou 510520, China
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| Abstract: |
| Soil seed bank is both the genetic memory and the future in vegetation succession, and plays an important role in revealing the mechanism in the recovery process of disturbed forests and in predicting its successional direction. In order to reveal the role of soil seed bank in the process of forest restoration, the soil seed banks from secondary forests which undertook different modes of harvesting and have recovered ever since, were analyzed. The comparisons were conducted between forests naturally restored for 32 years after clear cutting(CC)or selective cutting(SC)in Tianjingshan Forest Farm, Guangdong, with non-cutting(NC)evergreen broad-leaved forests in the same area as controls. The distribution, density, species composition and diversity of the soil seed bank in these three types of forest were investigated through vegetation surveys and soil seed germination experiments, and the relationship between the soil seed bank and the above-ground vegetation was analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)The seed banks of understory soils of different harvesting methods were dominated by herbs, followed by shrubs and least by trees. The seed densities of trees and shrubs were in the order of NC>CC>SC, with NC significantly higher than CC and SC(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between CC and SC; the seed densities of herbs were not significantly different among different harvesting methods.(2)A total of 43 plant species were found in the soil seed banks, most of which were light-damanded species, including 7 tree species(which were NC=CC>SC), 15 shrubs(which were NC>CC>SC), and 21 herbs(which were CC>NC>SC).(3)Shannon diversity index, Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index of trees in the seed banks were in the order of NC>CC>SC among different harvesting methods, the diversity indices and evenness indices of shrubs and herbs were mostly not significantly different among different harvesting methods.(4)The similarity between soil seed banks and above-ground vegetation was low of different harvesting methods, with four shared tree species including three in NC and one in SC, two shared shrub species, one each in SC and CC, and one shared herbaceous species in NC. In conclusion, the seed density, number of species and diversity indices in the soil seed banks after 32 years of natural recovery from logging in evergreen broad-leaved forests are still smaller than those in unharvested forests, the soil seed bank cannot support rapid natural recovery of disturbed forests. The results provide scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the management of subtropical secondary forests and the development of artificial restoration techniques |
| Key words: seed ecology, above-ground vegetation, similarity, selective cutting, clear cutting, diversity |
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