基于转录组解析干燥压制玫瑰‘卡罗拉'花色变化的机理

周徐子鑫<sup>1*</sup>; 黄郑涛<sup>1</sup>; 徐艺裴<sup>1</sup>; 杨 静<sup>2</sup>; 李 璟<sup>1</sup>

引用本文:	周徐子鑫, 黄郑涛, 徐艺裴, 杨静, 李璟.基于转录组解析干燥压制玫瑰‘卡罗拉'花色变化的机理[J].广西植物,2025,45(10):1811-1820.[点击复制]
	ZHOU Xuzixin, HUANG Zhengtao, XU Yipei, YANG Jing, LI Jing.A transcriptome-based investigation into mechanisms of color changes in dry-pressed Rosa rugosa ‘Carola'[J].Guihaia,2025,45(10):1811-1820.[点击复制]

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基于转录组解析干燥压制玫瑰‘卡罗拉'花色变化的机理
周徐子鑫^1*, 黄郑涛¹, 徐艺裴¹, 杨静², 李璟¹
1. 宜宾职业技术学院人文与旅游学院, 四川宜宾 644000;2. 四川农业大学风景园林学院, 成都 611130

摘要:

为了探究红色玫瑰品种‘卡罗拉'(Rosa rugosa ‘Carola')在压花作品制作过程中的颜色变化机理,该文使用CIELab色差法和分光光度法分析了‘卡罗拉'花瓣在干燥压制过程中的表型颜色和花青苷含量变化规律,并通过RNA-seq解析了导致花瓣变色的潜在转录机制。结果表明:(1)与初始阶段(D1)相比,压制48 h(D3)的花瓣明度值(L)和红色值(a)显著降低,同时花瓣呈现暗紫红色,在干燥压制过程中花青苷含量由约4.00 mg·g^-1降低至2.73 mg·g^-1。(2)RNA-seq结果表明,差异表达基因在GO数据库中的主要富集词条与膜的组分有关,在KEGG数据库中的主要富集通路与氨基酸合成有关。(3)在花青苷合成相关的结构基因中有9个显示差异表达,其中类黄酮代谢途径的RrCHS1、RrCHS2、RrCHS3、RrCHI、RrDFR1、RrDFR2和RrANS的表达水平显著降低,苯丙烷代谢途径中的RrPAL1表达水平显著提高,而RrPAL2在D3阶段的表达水平显著低于D1阶段。综上认为,干燥压制对‘卡罗拉'花瓣的花青苷具有显著降解作用,并且促进花瓣颜色变深,同时干燥压制过程抑制了‘卡罗拉'花瓣中类黄酮代谢途径相关结构基因的表达,对花青苷合成具有限制作用。

关键词: 压花艺术, 玫瑰, 转录组, RNA-seq, 花青苷, 类黄酮

DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202408012

分类号:Q943

文章编号:1000-3142(2025)10-1811-10

基金项目:四川省自然科学基金面上项目(22NSFSC0090); 宜宾职业技术学院自然科学项目(24ZRYB-14)。

A transcriptome-based investigation into mechanisms of color changes in dry-pressed Rosa rugosa ‘Carola'

ZHOU Xuzixin^1*, HUANG Zhengtao¹, XU Yipei¹, YANG Jing², LI Jing¹

1. Faculty of Humanities and Tourism, Yibin Vocational and Technical College, Yibin 644000, Sichuan, China;2. College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Abstract:

To examine the mechanism underlying the color change in the red rose variety ‘Carola' during the production of art of pressed flower works, the study employed the CIELab color difference method and spectrophotometry to analyze the phenotypic color and anthocyanin content changes of ‘Carola' petals throughout the drying and pressing process. Additionally, RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)was utilized to investigate the potential transcription mechanisms driving this color change. The results were as follows:(1)In comparison to the initial stage(D1), the brightness value(L)and red color value(a)of the petals were significantly diminished after 48 hours of pressing(D3). Concurrently, the petals exhibited dark purplish-red hue, and the concentration of anthocyanins decreased from approximately 4.00 mg·g^-1 to 2.73 mg·g^-1 throughout the process.(2)The RNA-seq analysis revealed that the predominant enriched term within the Gene Ontology(GO)database was related to components of membrane, while the primary enriched pathway identified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)database pertained to amino acid synthesis.(3)Nine structural genes associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis exhibited differential expression. Specifically, within the flavonoid metabolism pathway, the expression levels of RrCHS1, RrCHS2, RrCHS3, RrCHI, RrDFR1, RrDFR2, and RrANS were significantly reduced. Conversely, in the phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway, the expression level of RrPAL1 was significantly elevated, while that of RrPAL2 was markedly decreased at the D3 stage compared to the D1 stage. In conclusion, the drying and pressing process exerts a significant degradative effect on anthocyanins in ‘Carola' petals, concurrently promoting petal color darkening. Furthermore, the drying and pressing process suppresses the expression of structural genes associated with the flavonoid metabolic pathway in petals, thereby imposing limitations on anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Key words: art of pressed flower, rose(Rosa rugosa), transcriptome, RNA-seq, anthocyanin, flavonoid