| 引用本文: | 梁胜焕, 朱 慧, 韦垠洲, 郭东强, 杨 梅.大叶桉家系精油组分及抗菌活性研究[J].广西植物,2025,45(2):317-327.[点击复制] |
| LIANG Shenghuan, ZHU Hui, WEI Yinzhou, GUO Dongqiang, YANG Mei.Essential oil components and antibacterial effects of Eucalyptus robusta families[J].Guihaia,2025,45(2):317-327.[点击复制] |
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| 大叶桉家系精油组分及抗菌活性研究 |
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梁胜焕1,2, 朱 慧2, 韦垠洲3, 郭东强2, 杨 梅1*
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1. 广西大学 林学院, 广西高校亚热带人工林培育与利用重点实验室, 中南速生材繁育国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 南宁 530004;2. 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院, 广西林业实验室, 南宁桉树森林生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站, 广西优良
用材林资源培育重点实验室, 南宁 530002;3. 环江毛南族自治县林业局, 广西 河池 547100
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| 摘要: |
| 为筛选出具有优良抗菌活性的大叶桉(Eucalyptus robusta)精油家系,探讨家系精油产率组分差异、变化和成分对抗菌活性的影响。该研究以南宁和武宣的4个5年生大叶桉家系作为研究对象,采用鲜叶水蒸气蒸馏法进行桉叶精油提取,鉴定了精油化学组分,并测定其对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和伤寒杆菌的抗菌活性。结果表明:(1)大叶桉4个家系桉叶精油组成以73.695%～84.535%的单萜类化合物为主,主要组分为蒎烯、水芹烯和对伞花烃,其中α-蒎烯在大叶桉1号家系含量可达41.629%,家系间的共有组分为α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、α-水芹烯、d-柠檬烯、对伞花烃、γ-松油烯、4-松油醇和α-松油醇,1,8-桉叶素精油化学型产油率均较低。(2)不同桉叶精油对于环境变化响应不同,α-水芹烯、1,8-桉叶素、d-柠檬烯、α-松油醇和对伞花烃是大叶桉家系精油中的相关性组分。(3)大叶桉精油对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和伤寒杆菌具有抗菌活性,甚至3号家系显现出高于链霉素的抗伤寒杆菌活性,但均未发现对铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌活性,而醇酮醛类物质的增加有利于提高精油抗菌活性。综上认为,大叶桉精油以单萜类化合物为主,其中以萜烯类化合物含量最高,家系间部分精油组分具有相关性且存在共有组分,组分中醇类、酮类和醛类化合物有利于抗菌活性的提高,但大叶桉1,8-桉叶素化学型产油率均较低,仍需进一步选育,该研究结果为大叶桉精油品种选优选育及在香料和医药应用方面提供了理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 大叶桉, 家系, 精油, ESKAPE病原菌, 抗菌活性 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202406027 |
| 分类号:Q946 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2025)02-0317-11 |
| 基金项目:广西科技重大专项(桂科AA23062055); 广西林科院基本科研业务费项目(林科202306号); 广西林业科技推广示范项目(桂林科研 [2022第10号])。 |
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| Essential oil components and antibacterial effects of Eucalyptus robusta families |
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LIANG Shenghuan1,2, ZHU Hui2, WEI Yinzhou3, GUO Dongqiang2, YANG Mei1*
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1. Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Subtropical Forest Plantation, Key Laboratory of National
Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University,
Nanning 530004, China;2. Nanning Eucalypt Plantation Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guangxi Key Laboratory
of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Guangxi Forestry Laboratory, Nanning 530002,
China;3. Forestry Bureau of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Hechi 547100, Guangxi, China
1. Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Subtropical Forest Plantation, Key Laboratory of National
Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University,
Nanning 530004, China; 2. Nanning Eucalypt Plantation Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guangxi Key Laboratory
of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Guangxi Forestry Laboratory, Nanning 530002,
China; 3. Forestry Bureau of Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Hechi 547100, Guangxi, China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to screen for essential oil families of Eucalyptus robusta with excellent antibacterial, the study focused on the leaves of four E. robusta families in Nanning and Wuxuan. Fresh leaves of 5-year-old E. robusta were collected for steam distillation essential oil extraction. The chemical components of the essential oils were identified, and their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi were measured. The extracted oil yield, component differences among families, regional response of family essential oils, and effects of essential oil components on antibacterial activity were explored. The results were as follows:(1)The essential oils of four families of E. robusta were mainly composed of 73.695% to 84.535% monoterpenoids with the main components being pinene, phellandrene and p-cymene. The α-pinene content in the family 1 content can reach up to 41.629%, Common components among E. robusta families included α-pinene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, d-limonene, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, 4-terpineol, and α-terpineol. The 1,8-cineole chemotype of E.robusta had a low oil production rate.(2)The leaf essential oils of different E. robusta families had different responses to environmental changes. α-phellandrene, 1,8-cineole, d-limonene, α-terpineol and p-cymene were correlation components.(3)E. robusta essential oil exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhi. Notably, family 3 of E. robusta showed higher activity against S. typhi than streptomycin. However, no antibacterial ability against P. aeruginosa was observed. An increase in alcohols, ketones, and aldehydes was beneficial for improving its antibacterial activity. In conclusion, E. robusta essential oil is mainly composed of monoterpenoids. Certain essential oil components are correlated, and there are common components among families. Increasing alcohols, ketones, and aldehydes is beneficial for improving the antibacterial activity of E. robusta essential oil. However, the 1,8-cineole chemotype of E. robusta has a low oil production rate, indicating a need for further breeding efforts. This study provides a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of E. robusta essential oil and their application in spices or medicine. |
| Key words: Eucalyptus robusta, family, essential oil, ESKAPE pathogens, antibacterial activity |
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