中国五种仙茅科植物叶形态及其分类学意义

田 琴<sup>1; 2</sup>; 段涵宁<sup>1</sup>; 王云强<sup>3</sup>; 李海涛<sup>3</sup>; 李 璐<sup>1*</sup>

引用本文:	田琴, 段涵宁, 王云强, 李海涛, 李璐.中国五种仙茅科植物叶形态及其分类学意义[J].广西植物,2022,42(10):1661-1674.[点击复制]
	TIAN Qin, DUAN Hanning, WANG Yunqiang, LI Haitao, LI Lu.Leaf morphology and taxonomic significance of five species in Hypoxidaceae from China[J].Guihaia,2022,42(10):1661-1674.[点击复制]

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中国五种仙茅科植物叶形态及其分类学意义
田琴^1,2, 段涵宁¹, 王云强³, 李海涛³, 李璐^1*
1. 西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院, 昆明 650224;2. 西南林业大学林学院, 昆明 650224;3. 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所云南分所云南省南药可持续利用重点实验室, 云南景洪 666100

摘要:

为澄清仙茅科属间界限不清的分类学问题,该文以中国仙茅科3属5种植物为研究对象,利用显微镜、扫描电镜和石蜡切片技术,观察了其叶形态、叶表皮显微特征和叶解剖特征。结果表明:(1)叶形态有小型平整叶、中型波状叶、大型折扇状叶三种。(2)叶表皮毛状体结构为单细胞单列,可分为长柔毛、糙伏毛和星状柔毛三类。(3)叶表皮细胞有六边形和五边形,气孔为平列型和椭圆形,气孔大小和气扎密度呈反比。(4)叶表皮蜡质纹饰有光滑、颗粒、屑状和壳状四类。(5)叶中脉横切面分为平整型和龙骨型,维管束有圆形和椭圆形,叶表皮厚度与表皮细胞具有正相关性。对5种植物的叶形态和叶解剖特征比较分析认为,一些特征组合有助于理解仙茅科属间的亲缘关系和物种鉴定,支持大叶仙茅属独立于仙茅属。

关键词: 仙茅科, 仙茅属, 小金梅草属, 大叶仙茅属, 叶形态, 叶解剖

DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202111044

分类号:Q944

文章编号:1000-3142(2022)10-1661-14

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(32060049); 全国第四次中药资源普查项目(GZY-KJS-2018-004)[ Supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(32060049); the Fourth National Survey on Chinese Material Medical Resources(GZY-KJS-2018-004)]。

Leaf morphology and taxonomic significance of five species in Hypoxidaceae from China

TIAN Qin^1,2, DUAN Hanning¹, WANG Yunqiang³, LI Haitao³, LI Lu^1*

1. Department of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;2. College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;3. Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources of Yunnan, Yunnan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plants, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, Yunnan, China

Abstract:

In order to provide new data for clarification of the generic relationship in Hypoxidacae, morphology, ultrastructure, and anatomy of leaf from five species in this family were investigated using microscope, scanning electronic microscope(SEM), and paraffin section. It turned out that there were five points of views as below:(1)Three types of leaf shapes were characterized, including small-even, middle-wave, and large-plicate.(2)Trichomes were single-celled and uniseriate, and grouped into pilose, strigose and stellate types.(3)Shapes of leaf epidermal cells were hexagon and pentagon, while stomata was paracytic and elliptic with a negative correlation between size and density.(4)Sculptures of wax in epidermis was classified into smooth, granular, scales and crust types.(5)Leaf anatomy revealed two types of vascular bundles, leaf transection of midrib had flat and carinate types, and its shape was divided into round and oblong, with relevance between thickness of epidermis and size of epidermal cells. Based on comparative morphology and anatomy of leaf, it is suggested that complex of some characteristics would be helpful for understanding of generic relationships in Hypoxis, Curculigo and Molineria, while other characteristics for species identifications. In addition, Molineria should be regarded as an independent genus from Curculigo sensu lato.

Key words: Hypoxidaceae, Curculigo, Hypoxis, Molineria, leaf morphology, leaf anatomy