遮光处理对观赏栀子氮、磷、钾分配与生长的影响

刘向东<sup>1; 2</sup>; 尹陈茜<sup>1; 2</sup>; 杨吉龙<sup>1; 2</sup>; 侯志勇<sup>3</sup>; 李炎林<sup>1; 2</sup>; 于晓英<sup>1; 2*</sup>

引用本文:	刘向东, 尹陈茜, 杨吉龙, 侯志勇, 李炎林, 于晓英.遮光处理对观赏栀子氮、磷、钾分配与生长的影响[J].广西植物,2022,42(12):2117-2127.[点击复制]
	LIU Xiangdong, YIN Chenxi,YANG Jilong, HOU Zhiyong, LI Yanlin,YU Xiaoying.Effects of shading treatment on N, P and K distribution and growth of ornamental Gardenia jasminoides cultivars[J].Guihaia,2022,42(12):2117-2127.[点击复制]

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遮光处理对观赏栀子氮、磷、钾分配与生长的影响
刘向东^1,2, 尹陈茜^1,2, 杨吉龙^1,2, 侯志勇³, 李炎林^1,2, 于晓英^1,2*
1. 湖南农业大学园艺学院, 长沙 410128;2. 湖南省中亚热带优质花木繁育与利用工程技术中心, 园艺作物种质创新与新品种选育工程研究中心, 长沙 410128;3. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 农业生态过程重点实验室, 洞庭湖湿地生态系统观测研究站, 长沙 410125

摘要:

为探究观赏栀子在不同遮光条件下生长和光合及氮、磷、钾(N、P、K)分配的规律,该研究对3种观赏栀子设置5种不同的遮光处理(0%、60%、70%、80%、90%),通过对观赏栀子的生长和光合及各器官N、P、K含量进行统计与分析,探究了不同遮光处理对观赏栀子栽植效果的影响。结果表明:(1)60%和0%遮光率的大花栀子、80%和70%遮光率的雀舌栀子、0%遮光率的花叶栀子均长势较好。(2)随着遮光率的增加,雀舌栀子和花叶栀子的净光合速率、胞间CO₂浓度、蒸腾速率逐渐降低,气孔导度、水分瞬时利用率在遮光率60%下达到最大值。(3)大花栀子总N量最高,器官含N量高低排序为叶、根、茎; 雀舌栀子总P量最高,器官含P量排序为根、茎、叶; 大花栀子在90%遮光率下含K量最高。综合考虑认为,雀舌栀子更耐荫蔽,适合在80%和70%的遮光条件下生长; 大花栀子次之,适合在60%和0%遮光条件下生长; 花叶栀子最不耐荫,适合在0%遮光条件下生长。

关键词: 观赏栀子, 遮光, 氮、磷、钾, 养分分配, 处理方法

DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202106058

分类号:Q945

文章编号:1000-3142(2022)12-2117-11

基金项目:湖南省科技计划项目(2018TP2007,2019TP1033); 湖南省教育厅项目(18A084); 长沙市科技局项目(kq2004032); 湖南农业大学“双一流”建设项目科学研究培育项目(SYL201802026,SYL2019012); 湖南农业大学第三批重大科研项目暨创新团队培育工程项目(201909)[Supported by Hunan Science and Technology Plan Program(2018TP2007, 2019TP1033); Hunan Provincial Department of Education Project(18A084); Changsha Science and Technology Bureau Project(kq2004032); Hunan Agricultural University “Double First Class” Construction Project Scientific Research and Cultivation Project(SYL201802026, SYL2019012); The Third Batch of Major Scientific Research Projects and Innovation Team Cultivation Project of Hunan Agricultural University(201909)]。

Effects of shading treatment on N, P and K distribution and growth of ornamental Gardenia jasminoides cultivars

LIU Xiangdong^1,2, YIN Chenxi^1,2,YANG Jilong^1,2, HOU Zhiyong³, LI Yanlin^1,2,YU Xiaoying^1,2*

1. College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;2. Hunan Mid-Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China;3. Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Dongting Lake Station for Wetland Ecosystem Research, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China

Abstract:

In order to explore the laws of growth, photosynthesis and NPK distribution of ornamental Gardenia jasminoides under different shading treatments. The experiment was conducted to set five different shadings on the three G. jasminoides through shading treatment(0%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%). The effects of different shading treatments on the planting effect of ornamental G. jasminoides were studied. Through the statistics and analysis of ornamental G. jasminoides growth, photosynthesis and N, P, K contents of various organs. The results were as follows:(1)G. jasminoides ‘Grandiflora' with shading rates of 60% and 0%, G. jasminoides ‘Radicans' with shading rates of 80% and 70%, and G. jasminoides ‘Variegata' with a shading rate of 0% grow better.(2)With the increase of shading rates, the P_n, C_i and T_r of G. jasminoides ‘Radicans' and G. jasminoides ‘Variegata' gradually decreased, and G_s and WUE reached the maximum value at 60% shading rate.(3)G. jasminoides ‘Grandiflora' had the highest total N content, and the organ N content was ranked as leaf, root and stem; G. jasminoides ‘Radicans' had the highest total P content, and the organ P content was ranked as root, stem and leaf; G. jasminoides ‘Grandiflora' had the highest K content at 90% shading rate. The results of the review show that G. jasminoides ‘Radicans' is more resistant to shading and is suitable for growth under 80% and 70% shading treatments. G. jasminoides ‘Grandiflora' is the second, suitable for growth under 60% and 0% shading treatments. G. jasminoides ‘Variegata' is the least tolerant and suitable for growth under 0% shading treatment.

Key words: ornamental Gardenia jasminoides, shading, N, P and K, nutrient distribution, treatment method