鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林荷木种群动态变化

陈 青<sup>1; 2</sup>; 李萌姣<sup>1; 2</sup>; 李 瑶<sup>3</sup>; 沈 浩<sup>1*</sup>

引用本文:	陈青, 李萌姣, 李瑶, 沈浩.鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林荷木种群动态变化[J].广西植物,2019,39(3):403-410.[点击复制]
	CHEN Qing, LI Mengjiao, LI Yao, SHEN Hao.Population dynamics of Schima superba in a lower subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest[J].Guihaia,2019,39(3):403-410.[点击复制]

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鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林荷木种群动态变化
陈青^1,2, 李萌姣^1,2, 李瑶³, 沈浩^1*
1. 中国科学院退化生态系统植被恢复与管理重点实验室, 中国科学院华南植物园, 广州 510650;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3. 华南农业大学, 广州 510540

摘要:

荷木(Schima superba)是鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林群落中的优势种,为了解南亚热带常绿阔叶林的群落构建机制,该研究分析了鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林20 hm²样地中荷木种群在2005—2017年间的动态变化,并从径级和生境两个方面分析了其死亡率的分布特征。结果表明:(1)荷木种群个体数量从2005—2017年呈现出减少的态势。(2)在径级方面,荷木的死亡率和相对生长率的变化在不同径级区间呈现出不同的变化规律。径级在1～10 cm范围的荷木相对生长率大并迅速下降,死亡率上升且维持在较高水平; 径级在10～50 cm范围的荷木随着径级增大,相对生长率减缓,然后下降,而死亡率不断下降; 在50 cm以上的径级范围内,荷木相对生长率小、死亡率大。(3)不同生境中,2010年各个生境死亡率相差不大,2015年高海拔生境(高坡、山脊、高谷)死亡率大于低海拔生境(低坡、低谷),2017年则为低海拔生境大于高海拔生境。(4)荷木的死亡率与土壤中酸碱度呈正相关关系,而与土壤有机质、总氮、总磷、有效钾、有效氮含量呈负相关关系。

关键词: 径级, 死亡率, 相对生长率, 种群生态, 生境

DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201802022

分类号:

文章编号:1000-3142(2019)03-0403-08

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31370446)[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370446)]。

Population dynamics of Schima superba in a lower subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

CHEN Qing^1,2, LI Mengjiao^1,2, LI Yao³, SHEN Hao^1*

1. Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China 1. Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China

Abstract:

Schima superba is a dominant species in the lower subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest community at Dinghushan. In order to understand the construction mechanism of lower subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest community, we have established a 20 hm² forest biodiversity monitoring plot at Dinghushan National Nature Reserve. The data presented in this paper are based on four field investigations of all S. superba individuals from 2005 to 2017. We further analyzed the distribution characteristics of its death rate according to diameter class and habitat type. The results were as follows:(1)The number of S. superba individuals was largely reduced from 2005 to 2017.(2)Mortality rate and growth rate of S. superba showed different patterns depending on diameter class. The relative growth rate of the individuals of 1-10 cm DBH was high and rapidly decreased, while the mortality rate increased and maintained at a high level. With the increase of DBH class, the relative growth rate of the individuals of 10-50 cm DBH rose and decelerated, and then decreased, while the mortality rate decreased. The mortality rate of those individuals above 50 cm DBH was large while the growth rate was little.(3)The mortality rate of the individuals in each habitat in 2010 was not apparently different. However, in 2015, the mortality rate of individuals in high-altitude habitats(high slopes, ridges, and valleys)was greater than those in low-altitude habitats(low slopes and valleys), while those in low-altitude habitats in 2017 were higher than those in the high-altitude habitats.(4)The mortality rate was significantly positively correlated with soil pH and negatively correlated with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium, and available nitrogen content.

Key words: diameter class, mortality rate, relative growth rate, population ecology, habitat