Page 139 - 《广西植物》2023年第6期
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6 期                  吴其妹等: 基于 HPLC ̄ECD 研究牡荆叶抗氧化的谱-效关系                                     1 1 2 5

                 Abstract: In order to study the spectrum ̄effect relationship between fingerprint and antioxidant activity of the leaves of
                 Vitex negundo var. cannabifoliaꎬ the fingerprints of 18 batches of V. negundo var. cannabifolia leaves were established by
                 high performance liquid chromatography ̄electrochemical detection (HPLC ̄ECD)ꎬ and the cluster analysis of medicinal
                 materials from different sources was performed simultaneously. The main phenolic compounds from V. negundo var.
                 cannabifolia leaves were identified and determined. The contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids in V. negundo
                 var. cannabifolia leaves were analyzedꎬ and the antioxidant activities in vitro were evaluated by the methods of DPPH
                 radical scavenging capacityꎬ ABTS radical scavenging capacityꎬ oxygen radical absorbance capacity and ferric ion
                 reducing ability power. The spectrum ̄effect relationships of V. negundo var. cannabifolia leaves were analyzed by Pearson
                 correlation analysisꎬ gray relational analysis and partial least square regression analysis. The results were as follows: (1)
                 The fingerprints of V. negundo var. cannabifolia leaves were established with 21 common peaks and a total of 10 peaks
                 were identified. The order of content was chlorogenic acid > isoorientin > luteoloside > isovitexin > isochlorogenic acid A >
                 isochlorogenic acid C > protocatechuic acid > orientin > isochlorogenic acid B > neochlorogenic acid. The similarity
                 among the samples from different producing areas was highꎬ and the values were ranged from 0.816 to 0.983. (2) The
                 results of the cluster analysis showed that the content of the compounds had a certain influence on the classification and
                 the samples from different sources were divided into three categoriesꎬ among which the samples from the south and the
                 north were different. (3) The contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids in V. negundo var. cannabifolia leaves were
                                  ̄1                      ̄1
                 15.82 to 61.83 mgg and 27.85 to 157.65 mgg ꎬ respectivelyꎬ and the antioxidant activity of all samples from
                 V. negundo var. cannabifolia leaves existed differences. ( 4) The spectrum ̄effect relationship indicated that the
                 antioxidant activity of V. negundo var. cannabifolia leaves was the result of the synergistic effect of many compoundsꎬ and
                 compounds such as peak 9 (isoorientin)ꎬ peak 4 and peak 5 (chlorogenic acid) made the greatest contribution to the
                 antioxidant activity of V. negundo var. cannabifolia leaves. V. negundo var. cannabifolia has good antioxidant activityꎬ
                 and the main activity indexes are isoorientin and chlorogenic acid. This study can provide a reference basis for the
                 screening and quality control of antioxidant components in V. negundo var. cannabifolia.
                 Key words: Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia leavesꎬ HPLCꎬ electrochemical detectionꎬ antioxidationꎬ spectrum ̄effect
                 relationshipꎬ total phenolicsꎬ total flavonoids



                牡荆( Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia) 是马鞭       来反映中药的内在品质ꎬ其广泛应用于药用植物内
            草科牡荆属植物ꎬ分布于中国华东各省及广西、广                             在质量控制评价研究(王勤等ꎬ2017ꎻ晏朝操和张建
            东、河北、贵州、四川等地ꎬ其叶具有解表化湿、祛                            峰ꎬ2020)ꎮ HPLC 具有灵敏度高、分离度和重现性
            痰平喘等功效(« 全国中草药汇编» 编写组ꎬ1996ꎻ                        好、高效快速、应用范围广等特点ꎬ目前已成为色谱
            国家药典委员会ꎬ2020)ꎮ 牡荆主要成分为酚酸、                          指 纹 图 谱 研 究 的 首 选 方 法ꎬ 而 电 化 学 检 测 法
            黄酮、木脂素和萜类等化合物ꎮ 现代药理研究表                             (electrochemical detectionꎬ ECD)通过测量物质的电
            明ꎬ牡荆具有抗氧化、抗炎镇痛、抑菌、抗肿瘤等生                            信号变化ꎬ可选择性地检测具有氧化还原性质的化
            物活性( 舒柄垚等ꎬ2020)ꎮ 抗氧化是牡荆的主要                         合物ꎬ如带有硝基、巯基、酚羟基等基团的有机化合
            生物活性之一ꎬ向蓉等(2021) 研究表明牡荆水提                          物ꎮ 因此ꎬ可用 HPLC ̄ECD 筛查药用植物的抗氧化
            取物和醇提取物均具有一定的抗氧化活性ꎬ其中                              活性成分(罗敏等ꎬ2020ꎻ Zhang et al.ꎬ 2021)ꎮ 目
            酚酸和 黄 酮 类 物 质 是 其 主 要 活 性 成 分ꎮ Hu 等                前ꎬ谱-效关系研究的分析方法众多ꎬ其中灰度关联
            (2015)研究上证实大部分酚酸类物质具有较强的                           分析法(gray relational analysisꎬ GRA)能够分析共有

            2ꎬ 2′ ̄联 氮 ̄二 ( 3 ̄乙 基 苯 并 噻 唑 啉 ̄6 ̄磺 酸 )              峰峰面积的变化与药效指标的变化趋势ꎬ偏最小二
            (ABTS)自由基清除活性ꎮ 然而ꎬ其抗氧化活性药                          乘 回 归 分 析 法 ( partial least square regression
            效物质基础尚不明确ꎬ并且未将指纹图谱结合生                              analysisꎬ PLSR) 对于系统的信息和噪声更易于辨

            物活性进行质量控制评价研究ꎮ                                     别ꎬ可以弥补灰度关联分析法中关联度均为正值所
                 谱-效关系研究是将药用植物的指纹图谱与其                          带来的分析误差 ( 刘晓燕等ꎬ2020)ꎮ 因此ꎬ 常将
            药效结果相结合起来ꎬ通过建立“谱-效” 数学模型                           GRA 和 PLSR 相结合应用于谱-效关系分析研究ꎮ
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