| 摘要: |
| 姑婆山紧邻南岭生物多样性保护优先区,孕育了丰富的生物资源。为了解该区域大型真菌物种多样性,该文采用随机踏查法对广西姑婆山自治区级自然保护区(以下简称姑婆山)及邻近地区大型真菌资源进行调查采集,并结合形态学和分子生物学方法进行物种鉴定。结果表明:(1)共发现348种大型真菌,隶属于2门6纲17目69科175属,其中包含食用菌40种、药用菌42种、毒菌7种。(2)对该区的物种组成分析表明,优势科为蘑菇科(Agaricaceae)、牛肝菌科(Boletaceae)、粉褶蕈科(Entolomataceae)和锈革菌科(Hymenochaetaceae)等9科; 优势属为鹅膏属(Amanita)、靴耳属(Crepidotus)、毛皮伞属(Crinipellis)和粉褶蕈属(Entoloma)等11属。(3)共发现2个中国特有属,即脆孔菌属(Fragiliporia)和臧氏牛肝菌属(Zangia); 11个中国特有种,即厚集毛菌(Coltricia crassa)、魏氏集毛菌(C. weii)、丛生粉褶蕈(Entoloma caespitosum)、极细粉褶蕈(E. praegracile)、近薄囊粉褶蕈(E. subtenuicystidiatum)、薄管层卧孔菌(Fomitiporia tenuitubus)、香榧嗜蓝孢孔菌(F. torreyae)、脆孔菌(Fragiliporia fragilis)、南岭多年卧孔菌(Perenniporia nanlingensis)、亚白灰孢多年卧孔菌(P. subtephropora)以及脑形银耳(Tremella cerebriformis)。(4)该区域大型真菌科级区系地理成分可分为世界广布成分(66.67%)、泛热带成分(17.39%)以及北温带成分(15.94%); 属级区系地理成分可分为7类,主要以世界广布成分为主(61.71%),其次为泛热带成分(20.57%)和北温带成分(13.71%)。该研究结果为姑婆山及邻近地区大型真菌物种多样性评估与资源可持续利用提供了基础资料。 |
| 关键词: 姑婆山及邻近地区, 大型真菌, 物种多样性, 区系特征, 应用价值 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202209001 |
| 分类号:Q948.2 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2023)12-2171-11 |
| Fund project:国家自然科学基金(41661012); 广西自然科学基金(2021JJA130119); 广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2020ky12031)。 |
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| Species diversity of macrofungi in Gupo Mountain and adjacent areas of Guangxi, China |
|
ZHANG Yancheng1,2, ZHANG Qiang1,2, MOU Guangfu2, LIU Yan2, ZHAO Bo1*
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1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy School, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China;2. Guangxi Institute
of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China
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| Abstract: |
| Gupo Mountain is adjacent to the Nanling Biodiversity Conservation Priority Area of China, which nurtures rich biological resources. To understand the diversity of macrofungal species in this area, a survey and collection of macrofungal resources in Guangxi Gupo Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve(abbreviate as Gupo Mountain)and adjacent areas was conducted by random tracking method, and combined morphological and molecular biological methods to identify. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 348 species macrofungal were found in this area, belonging to 175 genera in 69 families in 2 phyla, 6 orders and 17 classes, including 40 species of edible mushrooms, 42 species of medicinal mushrooms and 7 species of toxic mushrooms.(2)The analysis of the species composition of the region showed that the dominant families were nine families, including Agaricaceae, Boletaceae, Entolomataceae and Hymenochaetaceae, etc.; the dominant genera were eleven genera, including Amanita, Crepidotus, Crinipellis, Entoloma, etc.(3)There were two endemic genera in China, namely Fragiliporia and Zangia, and 11 endemic species, namely Coltricia crassa, C. weii, Entoloma caespitosum, E. praegracile, E. subtenuicystidiatum, Fomitiporia tenuitubus, F. torreyae, Fragiliporia fragilis, Perenniporia nanlingensis, P. subtephropora and Tremella cerebriformis.(4)Analysis of the funga composition of macrofungi in Gupo Mountain and adjacent areas revealed that the composition of families could be divided into cosmopolitan element(66.67%), pantropic element(17.39%)and north temperate element(15.94%); while the genera could be divided into seven elements, among which the cosmopolitan element is the most dominant(61.71%), and pantropic element(20.57%)and north temperate element(13.71%)rank second and thirdly. The rich species data provide basic information for the assessment of macrofungal species diversity and sustainable utilization of resources in Gupo Mountain and adjacent areas. |
| Key words: Gupo Mountain and adjacent areas, macrofungi, species diversity, floristic characteristics, value of application |
