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| 三种灌木杜鹃花瓣和叶片的栓塞脆弱性分析 |
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夏 英1,4 , 李婕婷1,4 , 唐 明1,2, 唐 婧1,2 , 张习敏3,4*
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1. 贵州师范大学 生命科学学院, 贵阳 550025;2. 贵州师范大学 西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,
贵阳 550025;3. 贵州省高等学校高山杜鹃病虫害绿色防控重点实验室, 贵阳 550025;4. 贵州师范大学
贵州省植物生理与发育调控重点实验室, 贵阳 550025
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| 摘要: |
| 气候变化引发的干旱频度和强度严重影响植物生长发育,在全球气候变化背景下,量化植物木质部抗栓塞的能力对评估植物耐旱性尤为重要。为评价杜鹃品种间的耐旱性及筛选强抗旱性品种,该文以锦绣杜鹃‘紫鹤'(Rhododendron × pulchrum ‘zihe')、西洋杜鹃‘杨梅红'(Rhododendron × hybridum ‘yangmeihong')、映山红(R. simsii)3种灌木杜鹃为材料,利用光学技术构建花瓣和叶片栓塞脆弱性曲线,测定花瓣和叶片解剖结构性状,并分析木质部水力功能和解剖结构性状的相关性。结果表明:(1)锦绣杜鹃‘紫鹤'、西洋杜鹃‘杨梅红'、映山红3种杜鹃花瓣的P12、P50和P88值(分别发生12%、50%和88%栓塞时对应的水势值)大于叶片。(2)3种杜鹃的花瓣和叶片栓塞脆弱性存在一定的变异,花瓣和叶片发生栓塞的快慢不一致,这种变异可能是杂交园艺花卉植物的重要特征。(3)P50值与其形态特征相关性分析显示,叶片P50值与叶片栅栏组织厚度呈负相关,花瓣P50值与花瓣厚度呈正相关。综上认为,3种杜鹃花瓣栓塞脆弱性高于叶片,干旱胁迫下植物优先牺牲花瓣从而保护叶片,栓塞脆弱性可能与叶片栅栏组织厚度和花瓣厚度相关。该研究为干旱地区筛选、培育抗旱性强的杜鹃品种及园林杜鹃植物选择和树种配置提供了科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 栓塞脆弱性, 抗旱性, 导管结构, 形态结构, 光学法 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202210084 |
| 分类号:Q945 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2024)04-0710-11 |
| Fund project:国家自然科学基金和贵州喀斯特科学研究中心联合基金(U1812401); 国家自然科学基金(32260393); 贵州省林业和草原局科研项目(黔林科合[2019]10号); 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般224); 贵州省教育厅工程研究中心项目(黔教合KY字[2021]007)。 |
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| Embolism vulnerability analysis of petals and leaves in three species of shrub Rhododendron |
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XIA Ying 1,4, LI Jieting 1,4, TANG Ming 1,2, TANG Jing1,2, ZHANG Ximin3,4*
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1. School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;2. Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity
Conservation in Karst Area of Southwest, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;3. Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly
Managementon Alpine Rhododendron Diseases and Pests, Institutions of Higher Learning in Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China;4. Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Development Regulation, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
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| Abstract: |
| Climate change has been observed to increase the frequency and intensity of drought, which can adversely affect plant growth and development. Therefore, it is crucial to quantify plant xylem resistance to embolism, particularly in the context of global climate change, to study the process of plant response to drought. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the drought tolerance of Rhododendron cultivars and select those with strong drought resistance by using three species of shrub Rhododendron, namely Rhododendron × pulchrum ‘zihe', Rhododendron × hybridum ‘yangmeihong' and R. simsii, as the materials. We used optical techniques to construct embolism vulnerability curves in petal and leaf tissues, and measured petal and leaf anatomical structural traits, and also analyzed the correlation between xylem hydraulic function and anatomical structural traits. The results were as follows:(1)The P12, P50 and P88 values(water potential values corresponding to the occurrence of 12%, 50% and 88% embolism)of petals in Rhododendron × pulchrum ‘zihe', Rhododendron × hybridum ‘yangmeihong' and R. simsii were higher than those of leaves.(2)The embolism vulnerability of petal and leaf tissues varied among the three species, and the speed of petal and leaf embolism occurrence did not coincide, which may be an important characteristic of hybridized horticultural flowering plants.(3)The correlation analysis between P50 values and their morphological characteristics showed that the P50 values of leaves were negatively correlated with leaf palisade tissue thickness, and the P50 values of petals were positively correlated with petal thickness. In conclusion, the study suggests that the petal embolism vulnerability of the three shrubs of Rhododendron is higher than that of the leaves, and the plants preferentially sacrifice the petals to protect the leaves under drought stress. Furthermore, the embolism vulnerability may be related to the leaf palisade tissue thickness and petal thickness. Our findings provide scientific references for screening and cultivating drought-resistant Rhododendron varieties, and selecting and configuring tree species of Rhododendron plants in arid areas. |
| Key words: embolism vulnerability, drought resistance, vessel structure, morphological structure, optical |
